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Overview
Hirschsprung disease is a rare congenital condition (present at birth) caused by a lack of nerve cells in the wall of the large intestine (colon). These nerve cells, called ganglion cells, help the colon’s muscles relax so that stool can be pushed out. Without these nerves, stool builds up, leading to severe constipation or blockage. In most cases, Hirschsprung disease affects only the end of the colon, but it can sometimes involve a larger portion or even the entire colon.
Symptoms of Hirschsprung disease
Signs of Hirschsprung disease often appear shortly after birth. Common symptoms include:
- A swollen (distended) abdomen
- Failure to pass meconium (a newborn’s first stool) within the first 48 hours of life
- Chronic constipation and difficulty passing stool
- Episodes of diarrhea, which in some cases may signal a serious condition called enterocolitis
Treatment
The primary treatment for Hirschsprung disease is surgical removal of the affected portion of the intestine that lacks ganglion cells. The healthy part of the colon is then connected to the anus to restore normal bowel function. While surgery significantly improves symptoms, some children may continue to experience constipation, diarrhea, or issues with stool control (soiling).
Expert care at GI Care for Kids
It’s important to remember that most cases of constipation in children are not caused by Hirschsprung disease. The pediatric gastroenterologists at GI Care for Kids have extensive experience in diagnosing Hirschsprung disease and coordinating care with leading pediatric surgeons in Atlanta. Our team will support patients and families through every step of treatment and provide long-term care to help manage any ongoing digestive challenges.
More info about Hirschsprung’s Disease in children
Helpful information about Hirschsprung’s disease can also be found here:
- Hirschsprung’s disease, by GI Kids, the patient education arm of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN)
- Hirschsprung’s disease, by the International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Nutrition4kids.com, , a resource for parents who want to feed their kids well, regardless of medical challenges or allergies. Subscribe for updates personalized for you and your child.